Time to implement: Fibre-rich food could cut diabetes, bowel disease risk

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Meeshika Sharma
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A large group of food. The assortment includes fruits, vegetables, meat, fish and dairy products. The food is mostly sorted by type. The dairy products are in the center, while the rest of the food is circled around the dairy products. Studio photo taken with DSRL Canon EOS 5D Mk II

Researchers say that regularly consuming a  diet, high in fats and sugars but low in fibre, may increase the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases, weight gain, as well as diabetes.

The findings showed that fibre found in fruits, legumes, vegetables and whole grains - matters in a healthy diet.

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These fibres resist digestion by the body but are readily eaten by bacteria in the gut. The amount of fibre in someone’s diet can influence weight gain, blood sugar, insulin sensitivity, and colon health.

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The lack of fibre, on the other hand, results in bacteria encroaching into the mucus layer in the colon, and those bacteria promote low-grade inflammation bowel diseases, contributing to weight gain, and diabetes.

The results, published in the journal Cell Host and Microbe, are based on twin mice studies.

In both the studies, the team fed a group of mice a diet that was extremely low in fibre. In the first study, after just three-seven days of eating the low-fibre diet, the mice developed problems with the protective mucus layer in the colon. This mucus layer became more penetrable and bacteria encroached upon the epithelial cells of the colon.

In the second study, the colons of mice on the low-fibre diet shrank significantly in thickness and they developed unhealthy imbalances of different gut bacteria strains.

publive-imageGunnar C. Hansson, Professor at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden said, “Diets that lack fibre alter the bacterial composition and bacterial metabolism, which in turn causes defects to the inner mucus layer and allows bacteria to come close (encroach), something that triggers inflammation and ultimately metabolic disease."

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